金刚石发现于三种类型的矿床中：1、冲击砾石；2、冰碛物；3、金伯利岩筒。仅在金伯利岩筒中，金刚石才存在于原生岩石中，其形成时的深度大概超过120公里。冲积砾石和冰碛砾石中的金刚石都是从金伯利岩体受到侵蚀作用或冰川作用分离出来，而后再沉积到江河里或冰积物中的。金刚石的颜色从无到黑都有，无色或淡蓝色色金刚石价值最高，但很
罕见；大多数宝石级金刚石都略带黄色。可用强烈的辐射或热处理来改变金刚石的颜色。极高的折射率使金刚石具有特异的闪光。琢磨恰当的金刚石能反射出更多的光，因而更耀眼。高的色散性使金刚石有火彩，这是由于白光穿过金刚石时被分离成光谱中的各种颜色所致。虽然在莫式硬度表上金刚石为10，刚玉为9，实际上金刚石远比刚玉硬得多。
he diamond was found in the three types of deposits: 1, 2, the impact of gravel; moraine; 3, Kimberley rock tube. Only in the Kimberley rock tube, diamond is present in the primary rock, the depth of its formation is probably more than 120 kilometers. Alluvial gravel and moraine gravels in diamond are from Kimberley rock by erosion or glaciation separated, and then deposited onto products of the rivers or ice. Diamond color from black to a colorless or pale blue diamond, the highest value, but it is
Rare; most gem grade diamonds are yellowish. Can change the color of diamond by intense radiation or heat treatment. High refractive index to make diamond with a specific flash. The right diamond can reflect more light, and thus more dazzling. High dispersion makes the diamond has a fire color, which is caused by the different colors of the spectrum when white light passes through the diamond. While in the Mo type hardness of the surface of the diamond is 10, corundum is 9, in fact, the diamond is much harder than the corundum. |
